GET TO KNOW A GENE: CACNA1C
Summary: Minimal evidence exists linking CACNA1C as a pharmacogenomic marker, and CACNA1C shows little clinical utility as a disease marker. While there is an association between CACNA1C and bipolar disorder…
Evaluating the GeneSight® Psychotropic Test
How are molecular diagnostic tests evaluated? Molecular diagnostic testing and pharmacogenomic testing differ in their objectives and possible testing outcomes. Diagnostic testing detects whether an individual is affected with a…
How can I use the clinical considerations to help interpret the GeneSight® report?
Introduction Pharmacogenomic reports contain a lot of useful information. Sometimes there is so much information the report can seem overwhelming. To overcome this issue and to increase the clarity of…
What is the difference between traditional “single-gene” testing and the GeneSight® test’s proprietary CPGx® approach?
In multiple previous studies, the GeneSight test, a combinatorial multigene pharmacogenomic test, powered by CPGx® technology, has shown an ability to predict poorer antidepressant outcomes and to help guide healthcare…
Does the GeneSight® test change outcomes for all patients?
Does the GeneSight® test change outcomes for all patients? This is the number of patients who need to receive an intervention in order for one patient to respond due to…
How Do I Use the Gene-Drug Interaction Chart?
What is the gene-drug interaction chart? Healthcare providers and patients often inquire about how they can determine which genes affect response to each medication. The gene-drug interaction chart provides supplementary…
Get to know a gene: ANK3
Summary: ANK3 has not been shown to inform on patient medication response and therefore is not a pharmacogenomic marker. As a disease marker, it lacks clinical utility. There is an…
Get to know a gene: ADRA2A
What is ADRA2A? ADRA2A, located on chromosome 10, encodes the α-2A adrenergic receptor, a norepinephrine receptor that is the primary site of action for α-2A agonists. The α-2A adrenergic receptor…
Get to know a gene: UGT2B15
What is UGT2B15? The UGT2B15 gene encodes an enzyme responsible for glucuronidation, a phase II metabolic reaction that transforms small lipophilic molecules into water-soluble excretable metabolites. The UGT2B15 enzyme is…
Get to know a gene: UGT1A4
What is UGT1A4? The UGT1A4 gene encodes an enzyme of the glucuronidation pathway, a phase II metabolism process that transforms small lipophilic molecules into water-soluble excretable metabolites. The UGT1A4 enzyme…
Get to know a gene: HTR2A
What is HTR2A? The 5-HT2A receptor, encoded by the HTR2A gene, is responsible for post-synaptic serotonin signaling and is a target for many antipsychotics and antidepressants.1 Two single nucleotide polymorphisms…
What do I do with an all green report?
A medication falls in the green category when there is no variation found in the patient’s genes that is expected to impact their response to that medication. In other words,…
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